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update the default collation of GBK from gbk_bin to gbk_chinese_ci (#20234) (#20240)
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‎character-set-and-collation.md

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@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ SHOW CHARACTER SET;
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+---------+-------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+
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| ascii | US ASCII | ascii_bin | 1 |
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| binary | binary | binary | 1 |
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| gbk | Chinese Internal Code Specification | gbk_bin | 2 |
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| gbk | Chinese Internal Code Specification | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 |
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| latin1 | Latin1 | latin1_bin | 1 |
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| utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_bin | 3 |
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| utf8mb4 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8mb4_bin | 4 |

‎character-set-gbk.md

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@@ -7,12 +7,14 @@ summary: 本文介绍 TiDB 对 GBK 字符集的支持情况。
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TiDB 从 v5.4.0 开始支持 GBK 字符集。本文档介绍 TiDB 对 GBK 字符集的支持和兼容情况。
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从 TiDB v6.0.0 开始，[新的排序规则框架](/character-set-and-collation.md#新框架下的排序规则支持)默认启用，即 TiDB GBK 字符集的默认排序规则为 `gbk_chinese_ci`，与 MySQL 保持一致。
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```sql
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SHOW CHARACTER SET WHERE CHARSET = 'gbk';
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+---------+-------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+
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| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
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+---------+-------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+
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| gbk | Chinese Internal Code Specification | gbk_bin | 2 |
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| gbk | Chinese Internal Code Specification | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 |
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+---------+-------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+
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1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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@@ -21,8 +23,9 @@ SHOW COLLATION WHERE CHARSET = 'gbk';
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| Collation | Charset | Id | Default | Compiled | Sortlen |
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+----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+---------+
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| gbk_bin | gbk | 87 | | Yes | 1 |
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| gbk_chinese_ci | gbk | 28 | Yes | Yes | 1 |
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+----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+---------+
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1 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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```
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## 与 MySQL 的兼容性
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### 排序规则兼容性
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MySQL 的字符集默认排序规则是 `gbk_chinese_ci`。与 MySQL 不同，TiDB GBK 字符集的默认排序规则为 `gbk_bin`。另外，TiDB 支持的 `gbk_bin` 与 MySQL 支持的 `gbk_bin` 排序规则也不一致，TiDB 是将 GBK 转换成 UTF8MB4 然后做二进制排序。
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如果要使 TiDB 兼容 MySQL 的 GBK 字符集排序规则，你需要在初次初始化 TiDB 集群时设置 TiDB 配置项[`new_collations_enabled_on_first_bootstrap`](/tidb-configuration-file.md#new_collations_enabled_on_first_bootstrap) 为 `true` 来开启[新的排序规则框架](/character-set-and-collation.md#新框架下的排序规则支持)。
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MySQL 的 GBK 字符集默认排序规则是 `gbk_chinese_ci`。TiDB 的 GBK 字符集的默认排序规则取决于 TiDB 配置项 [`new_collations_enabled_on_first_bootstrap`](/tidb-configuration-file.md#new_collations_enabled_on_first_bootstrap) 的值：
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开启新的排序规则框架后，如果查看 GBK 字符集对应的排序规则，你可以看到 TiDB GBK 默认排序规则已经切换为 `gbk_chinese_ci`。
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- 默认情况下，TiDB 配置项 [`new_collations_enabled_on_first_bootstrap`](/tidb-configuration-file.md#new_collations_enabled_on_first_bootstrap) 为 `true`，表示开启[新的排序规则框架](/character-set-and-collation.md#新框架下的排序规则支持)。GBK 字符集的默认排序规则是 `gbk_chinese_ci`。
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- 当 TiDB 配置项 [`new_collations_enabled_on_first_bootstrap`](/tidb-configuration-file.md#new_collations_enabled_on_first_bootstrap) 为 `false` 时，表示关闭新的排序规则框架，GBK 字符集的默认排序规则是 `gbk_bin`。
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```sql
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SHOW CHARACTER SET WHERE CHARSET = 'gbk';
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+---------+-------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+
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| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
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+---------+-------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+
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| gbk | Chinese Internal Code Specification | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 |
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+---------+-------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+
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1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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SHOW COLLATION WHERE CHARSET = 'gbk';
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+----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+---------+
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| Collation | Charset | Id | Default | Compiled | Sortlen |
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+----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+---------+
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| gbk_bin | gbk | 87 | | Yes | 1 |
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| gbk_chinese_ci | gbk | 28 | Yes | Yes | 1 |
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+----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+---------+
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2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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```
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另外，TiDB 支持的 `gbk_bin` 与 MySQL 支持的 `gbk_bin` 排序规则不一致，TiDB 是将 GBK 转换成 `utf8mb4`，然后再进行二进制排序。
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### 非法字符兼容性
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‎sql-statements/sql-statement-show-character-set.md

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@@ -25,16 +25,17 @@ SHOW CHARACTER SET;
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```
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```
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+---------+---------------+-------------------+--------+
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| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
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+---------+---------------+-------------------+--------+
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| utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_bin | 3 |
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| utf8mb4 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8mb4_bin | 4 |
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| ascii | US ASCII | ascii_bin | 1 |
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| latin1 | Latin1 | latin1_bin | 1 |
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| binary | binary | binary | 1 |
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+---------+---------------+-------------------+--------+
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5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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+---------+-------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+
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| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
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+---------+-------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+
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| ascii | US ASCII | ascii_bin | 1 |
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| binary | binary | binary | 1 |
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| gbk | Chinese Internal Code Specification | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 |
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| latin1 | Latin1 | latin1_bin | 1 |
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| utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_bin | 3 |
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| utf8mb4 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8mb4_bin | 4 |
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+---------+-------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+
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6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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```
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```sql

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