trie: add edgecase for rangeproof correctness #31667
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This PR adds checking for an edgecase which theoretically can happen in the range-prover. Right now, we check that a key does not overwrite a previous one by checking that the key is increasing. However, if keys are of different lengths, it is possible to create a key which is increasing and overwrites the previous key. Example:
0xaabbcc
followed by0xaabbccdd
.This can not happen in go-ethereum, which always uses fixed-size paths for accounts and storage slot paths in the trie, but it might happen if the range prover is used without guaranteed fixed-size keys.
This PR also adds some testcases for the errors that are expected.